SMERU Publication

Research Report
Topic: Anti-Poverty Programs, Social Protection

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The Effectiveness of the Raskin Program

Research Team

Coordinator:
Hastuti

Advisors:
Sudarno Sumarto, Asep Suryahadi

Researchers:
Sulton Mawardi, Bambang Sulaksono, Akhmadi, Silvia Devina, Rima Prama Artha

Document Reviewer:
Ratna Dewi

Local Researchers:
Joni Saputra, Heri Rubianto, Laode Udin

Translators:
Kate Weatherley, Joan Hardjono

Editor:
Kate Weatherley

ABSTRACT

The Raskin program is a subsidized rice program for poor families which provides 10 kg of rice per poor households at the price of Rp1,000 per kg. This report describes the findings of the study undertaken by the SMERU Research Institute to uncover the effectiveness of the Raskin program in achieving its objectives as well as to obtain lessons learned to improve the program. This qualitative study uses three different approaches to data collection: document review and secondary data analysis or meta- evaluation; interviews of key informants at the central level; and field study. The findings suggests that, in general, the Raskin program indicates relatively low effectiveness, that many problems emerge in the distribution of the rice from the primary distribution point to the beneficiaries, and that the issues faced are actually similar each year. The low effectiveness of the program is indicated by the lack of program socialization and transparency; inaccurate targeting, amount, and frequency of rice received by beneficiaries, as well as price of rice; high cost of program management, ineffective monitoring and evaluation; and ineffective complaint mechanism.

Keywords: Raskin, program evaluation, poverty reduction program

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
I. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
1.2 Study Aim
1.3 Methodology

II. RESEARCH FINDINGS

2.1 Program Implementation

2.1.1 Socialization and Transparency in Information
2.1.2 Allocation Quotas and Target Households
2.1.3 Determination of Target Beneficiaries
2.1.4 Frequency of Distribution and Receipt of Rice
2.1.5 Amount and Quality of Rice Received by Beneficiaries
2.1.6 Price Paid by Beneficiaries and Payment Systems
2.1.7 Capacity Building

2.2 Funding Structure

2.2.1 Funding Amounts
2.2.2 Use of Funds
2.2.3 Effectiveness and Efficiency of Funds Usage

2.3 Monitoring, Evaluation, and Complaints Handling

2.3.1 Monitoring and Evaluation Activities
2.3.2 Auditing System
2.3.3 Complaint Handling System

2.4 Attainment of Results, Level of Satisfaction, and Benefit of the Program

2.4.1 Attainment of Results
2.4.2 Level of Satisfaction with the Program
2.4.3 Program Benefit for Beneficiary Households

III. LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RASKIN

3.1 Positive Lessons
3.2 Negative Lessons

IV. RECOMMENDATIONS
LIST OF REFERENCES

Go to English version

Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Raskin

Tim Peneliti

Koordinator:
Hastuti

Penasihat:
Sudarno Sumarto, Asep Suryahadi

Peneliti:
Sulton Mawardi, Bambang Sulaksono, Akhmadi, Silvia Devina, Rima Prama Artha

Penelaah Dokumen:
Ratna Dewi

Peneliti Lokal:
Joni Saputra, Heri Rubianto, Laode Udin

Editor:
Budhi Adrianto

ABSTRAK

Program Raskin merupakan sebuah program beras bersubsidi bagi keluarga miskin yang menyediakan 10 kg beras per rumah tangga miskin dengan harga Rp1.000 per kg. Laporan ini menguraikan hasil kajian yang dilaksanakan Lembaga Penelitian SMERU terhadap Program Raskin yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelaksanaan program dalam mencapai tujuan dan untuk memperoleh pembelajaran dalam rangka perbaikan program. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan tiga pendekatan pengumpulan data, yaitu tinjauan dokumen dan analisis data sekunder atau meta-evaluasi; wawancara informan kunci di tingkat pusat; dan studi lapangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum efektivitas pelaksanaan Raskin masih relatif lemah, permasalahan banyak terjadi dari titik distribusi hingga rumah tangga penerima, dan jenis permasalahannya relatif sama dari tahun ke tahun. Rendahnya efektivitas program ditandai oleh kurangnya sosialisasi dan transparansi program; tidak tepatnya sasaran penerima, harga, jumlah, dan frekuensi penerimaan beras; tingginya biaya pengelolaan program; belum optimalnya pelaksanaan monitoring dan evaluasi; dan kurang berfungsinya mekanisme pengaduan.

Kata kunci: Raskin, evaluasi program, program penanggulangan kemiskinan

DAFTAR ISI

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH
ABSTRAK
DAFTAR ISI
DAFTAR TABEL
DAFTAR GAMBAR
DAFTAR SINGKATAN
RANGKUMAN EKSEKUTIF
I. PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang
1.2 Tujuan Kajian
1.3 Metodologi

II. TEMUAN PENELITIAN

2.1 Pelaksanaan Program

2.1.1 Sosialisasi dan Transparansi Informasi
2.1.2 Pagu Alokasi dan Rumah Tangga Sasaran
2.1.3 Penentuan Sasaran Penerima
2.1.4 Frekuensi Pendistribusian dan Penerimaan Beras
2.1.5 Jumlah dan Kualitas Beras yang Diterima Penerima Manfaat
2.1.6 Harga Beras dan Sistem Pembayaran
2.1.7 Peningkatan Kapasitas

2.2 Struktur Pendanaan

2.2.1 Jumlah Dana
2.2.2 Penggunaan Dana
2.2.3 Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Dana

2.3 Pemantauan, Evaluasi, dan Penanganan Pengaduan

2.3.1 Pelaksanaan Monitoring dan Evaluasi
2.3.2 Audit Pelaksanaan Program
2.3.3 Sistem Pengaduan dan Penanganannya

2.4 Pencapaian Hasil, Tingkat Kepuasan, dan Manfaat Program

2.4.1 Pencapaian Hasil
2.4.2 Tingkat Kepuasan terhadap Program
2.4.3 Manfaat Program bagi Rumah Tangga Penerima

III. PEMBELAJARAN DARI PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM RASKIN

3.1 Pembelajaran Positif
3.2 Pembelajaran Negatif

IV. REKOMENDASI
DAFTAR ACUAN