SMERU Indonesia

SMERU n Monitoring the Social Crisis in Indonesia n No. 04 / March-April 1999

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Partisipasi LSM-NTB Pada Program Jaring Pengaman Sosial
NGO-NTB Participation in Social Safety Net Programs

NGO-NTB Participation

During SMERU team visits to NTB last February, we have been impressed with the large number of locally based NGOs which are contributing to efforts to overcome the affects of the economic crisis and drought on the poor. In addition, to the group of 5 NGOs helping to facilitate the Padat Karya Desa program (see page 4, this issue), we present below some examples of very important efforts by NGOs in NTB.

Yayasan Swadaya Membangun

YSM is one of the most active NGOs in NTB in bringing emergency, labor-intensive projects to poor villages. During 1998/1999, with funding from Catholic Relief Services (CRS), YSM carried out labor intensive activities in 62 villages, involving 12.000 families. Project activities included village roads, irrigation, small dams, terracing, check dam, and bridges. In addition, YSM also acted as the executor of government's Jaminan Pemeliharaan Kesehatan Masyarakat (Public Health Maintenance Guarantee program) for the city of Mataram, targeting over 23.000 poor families. For more information, contact Ali B. Dahlan at telp. 0370-23880.

LP3ES and SOMASI-NTB

LP3ES (Institute for Social and Economic Research, Education, and Information) and SOMASI (Public Solidarity for Transparency) have been involved in monitoring the implementation of labor intensive works (padat karya) programs in NTB. In January 1999, they conducted a survey of 180 individuals in 12 villages in 6 districts in NTB regarding padat karya projects. The results of this survey were:

  • 71% of respondents stated the they did not have very complete information about the implementation budgets of padat karya projects in their villages.

  • 56% said that while village participants received the benefit of temporary employment, the infrastructure created did not directly benefit them.

  • 62% said they believed that there were elements of corruption, collusion and nepotism (KKN) in padat karya in their villages, including in programs managed by the departments of forestry, manpower, and agriculture, and the Padat Karya Desa program managed by local government.

  • 67% said that they believed that the funds actually expended on projects in their villages were less than had been officially budgeted, and that this led to very poor project quality.

Based on the combined responses, it was estimated that of the individuals employed in these works projects, 68% were considered poor, 25% were considerd to be of average income levels, and 7% were considered to be of above average income.

This kind of survey research should be very useful to government and civil society in identifying the strengths of the social safety net programs and areas where improvements are needed. For more information, contact Pak Suhardi at LP3ES-NTB, telp. 021-5674211-213 or 566 7139.

Committee to Monitor Food Security (KPRP) in NTB

KPRP is a voluntary group of concerned citizens which has collected data on food scarcity in villages in NTB. The Committee has been active in monitoring the impact of the El Nino drought, which started in 1997. Through discussion forums with NGOs, the press and local government about food problems in specific areas, for example in Kecamatan Sekotong (West Lombok kabupaten), government assistance has become better targeted to reaching the areas of greatest need.

While the Committee is still functioning, it is dependent on receiving reports from the public about food scarcity, as it does not have funds to undertake its own monitoring efforts. Contact person at KPRP is Yudi, telp. 0370-637017. n HS

Partisipasi LSM-NTB

Selama kunjungan tim SMERU ke NTB pada bulan Pebruari lalu, kami sangat terkesan dengan banyaknya LSM lokal yang berpartisipasi dalam usaha mengatasi dampak krisis dan kekeringan di masyarakat miskin. Di samping itu, ada lima LSM yang membantu memfasilitasi program Padat Karya Desa (lihat halaman 4), dan di bawah ini pula kami angkat profil usaha penting beberapa LSM di NTB tersebut.

Yayasan Swadaya Membangun

YSM adalah LSM paling aktif di NTB yang melakukan kegiatan "emergency", proyek padat karya untuk desa-desa miskin. Pada tahun 1998/1999, dengan dana bantuan dari Catholic Relief Services (CRS), YSM melakukan kegiatan padat karya di 62 desa yang melibatkan 12.000 kk. Proyek ini meliputi pembuatan jalan desa, saluran irigasi, embung-embung, terasering, chek dam, dan jembatan. Selain itu, YSM juga sebagai penyelenggara proyek Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat (JPKM) untuk kotamadya Mataram, yang ditujukan untuk lebih dari 23.000 keluarga miskin. Untuk informasi lebih rinci, hubungi Pak Ali B. Dahlan, telepon no. 0370 - 23880.

LP3ES dan SOMASI-NTB

LP3ES (Lembaga Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Ekonomi dan Sosial) dan SOMASI (Solidaritas Masyarakat untuk Transparansi) terlibat dalam pemantauan pelaksanaan program padat karya di NTB. Pada bulan Januari 1999, mereka mengadakan survei jajak pendapat kegiatan proyek padat karya pada 180 orang di 12 desa, di 6 kabupaten NTB. Hasil survei tersebut adalah:

  • 71 % responden menyatakan bahwa mereka tidak mendapat informasi secara lengkap tentang anggaran biaya proyek padat karya di desa mereka.

  • 56% menyatakan peserta proyek menerima manfaat hanya sebagai pekerja sementara, bangunan yang dibuat tidak memberi manfaat langsung kepada mereka.

  • 62% percaya bahwa ada unsur Korupsi, Kolusi, dan Nepotisme (KKN) pada proyek padat karya di desa mereka, termasuk program padat karya Kehutanan, Pekerjaan Umum, Pertanian, dan program Padat Karya Desa yang dikelola oleh pemerintah daerah setempat.

  • 67% mengatakan bahwa mereka yakin dana yang direliasasi tidak sesuai dengan dana yang dianggarkan, hal ini mengakibatkan mutu proyek menjadi sangat rendah.

Hasil jajak pendapat memperlihatkan bahwa penerima manfaat proyek-proyek ini adalah 68% orang miskin, 25% orang berpenghasilan sedang, dan 7% orang kaya.

Survei penelitian seperti ini sesungguhnya sangat bermanfaat untuk pemerintah dan masyarakat madani untuk mengenali kekuatan program jaring pengaman sosial dan daerah di mana perbaikan dibutuhkan. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, silakan hubungi Pak Suhardi di LP3ES-NTB, telepon 0370-5674211-213 atau 5667139.

Komite Pemantau Rawan Pangan (KPRP) di NTB

KPRP adalah kelompok sukarelawan yang memiliki rasa kepedulian terhadap masyarakat yang telah mengumpulkan data rawan pangan di desa-desa di NTB. Komite ini secara aktif memantau dampak kekeringan El-Nino yang berawal pada tahun 1997. Melalui forum diskusi dengan LSM, pers dan pemerintah daerah mengenai masalah pangan di wilayah tertentu, seperti di kecamatan Sekotong (kabupaten Lombok Barat), bantuan pemerintah saat ini telah mencapai sasaran yang lebih tepat, yaitu masyarakat yang sangat membutuhkan.

Meski komite ini masih berfungsi, kegiatannya hanya bergantung pada masuknya keluhan dari masyarakat tentang keadaan rawan pangan, karena tidak memiliki dana untuk mengadakan pemantauan sendiri. KPRP dapat dihubungi melalui Saudara Yudi di telepon 0370-637017. n HS

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